Monophyly of the Porifera
Journal: Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, 1996: 5 - 32
Reitner, Joachim; Mehl, Dorte, 1996: Monophyly of the Porifera. In: Reitner, Joachim; Mehl, Dorte (1996): Monophyly of the Porifera - Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg; N.F. 3, p. 5-32, DOI: 10.23689/fidgeo-2563.
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The monophyly of the Porifera is weil established. According to our hypothesis the Hexactinellida
are the adelphotaxon of the Pinacophora (new taxon = Calcarea + Homoscleromorpha + Demospongiae).
The Porifera are the adelphotaxon of the Eumetazoa/Placozoa. Sponge spicules are considered not to be
a constituent character of the Porifera. Mineralized spicules developed independently within the three
poriferan main taxa the Hexactinellida, Calcarea, and Demospongiae. Demospongian microscleres are not
derived from megascleres in contrast to those of Hexactinellida. Accordingly, spicules probably developed
several times within the Demospongiae. Remains of Porifera are known since the late Proterozoic.