Biomarkers in the stratified water column of the Landsort Deep (Baltic Sea)
Journal: Biogeosciences, 201411, 23: 7009 - 7023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-7009-2014
Persistent URL: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/6907
Persistent URL: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/6907
Berndmeyer, C.; Thiel, V.; Schmale, O.; Wasmund, N.; Blumenberg, M., 2014: Biomarkers in the stratified water column of the Landsort Deep (Baltic Sea). In: Biogeosciences, Band 11, 23: 7009 - 7023, DOI: 10.5194/bg-11-7009-2014.
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The water column of the Landsort Deep, central
Baltic Sea, is stratified into an oxic, suboxic, and anoxic
zone. This stratification controls the distributions of individual
microbial communities and biogeochemical processes.
In summer 2011, particulate organic matter was filtered
from these zones using an in situ pump. Lipid biomarkers
were extracted from the filters to establish water-column
profiles of individual hydrocarbons, alcohols, phospholipid
fatty acids, and bacteriohopanepolyols (BHPs). As a reference,
a cyanobacterial bloom sampled in summer 2012
in the central Baltic Sea Gotland Deep was analyzed for
BHPs. The biomarker data from the surface layer of the oxic
zone showed major inputs from cyanobacteria, dinoflagellates,
and ciliates, while the underlying cold winter water
layer was characterized by a low diversity and abundance
of organisms, with copepods as a major group. The suboxic
zone supported bacterivorous ciliates, type I aerobic methanotrophic
bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and, most likely,
methanogenic archaea. In the anoxic zone, sulfate reducers
and archaea were the dominating microorganisms as indicated
by the presence of distinctive branched fatty acids:
archaeol and pentamethylicosane (PMI) derivatives, respectively.
Our study of in situ biomarkers in the Landsort Deep
thus provided an integrated insight into the distribution of relevant
compounds and describes useful tracers to reconstruct
stratified water columns in the geological record.
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