@article{gledocs_11858_9348,
author = {Agarwal, Amar and Poelchau, Michael H. and Kenkmann, Thomas and Rae, Auriol and Ebert, Matthias},
title = {Impact Experiment on Gneiss: The Effects of Foliation on Cratering Process},
year = {2019},
volume = {124},
number = {12},
pages = {13532-13546},

abstract = {Two impact experiments were carried out on blocks of Maggia gneiss to assess the influence of mechanical target anisotropies on the cratering process. The experiments were done within the framework of Multidisciplinary Experimental and Modeling Impact Research Network. In one experiment the metamorphic foliation was vertical, that is, oriented perpendicular to the target surface, and in the other horizontal, that is, parallel to the target surface. This study reveals that due to preferred spallation along the foliation, the cratering efficiency is higher if the foliation is horizontal. The study further presents a comprehensive quantitative strain analysis in the subsurface of these craters. We use biotite kink bands as strain markers. The distribution of strain differs strongly in both experiments. If the foliation is vertical, the area beneath the central crater floor shows a high compressive strain. This is attributed to the ability of biotite to kink more easily when shortened parallel to its basal plane. If the foliation is horizontal, surface kinking is reduced and tensile failure along the foliation deepens the crater during unloading.},
note = { \url {http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/9348}},
}