Vicia sativa Roth. Can Reduce Soil and Water Losses in Recently Planted Vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.)

Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús ORCIDiD
Terol, Enric
Mora, Gaspar
Giménez-Morera, Antonio
Cerdà, Artemi

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-020-00191-5
Persistent URL: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/10582
Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús; Terol, Enric; Mora, Gaspar; Giménez-Morera, Antonio; Cerdà, Artemi, 2020: Vicia sativa Roth. Can Reduce Soil and Water Losses in Recently Planted Vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.). In: Earth Systems and Environment, 4, 4, 827-842, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-020-00191-5. 
 
Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús; Department of Physical Geography, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
Terol, Enric; Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy, and Photogrammetry, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
Mora, Gaspar; Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy, and Photogrammetry, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
Giménez-Morera, Antonio; Departamento de Economía y Ciencias Sociales, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy, Universitat Politècnica de València. Plaza Ferrandiz y Carbonell s/n, Alicante, Spain
Cerdà, Artemi; Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Department of Geography, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain

Abstract

Elevated soil loss and runoff rates can reduce soil fertility; therefore, soil erosion control strategies must be implemented at the hillslope and watershed scale when plantations are established and the soil is bare. In this research, we propose the use of the Vicia sativa Roth. to reduce the soil losses during the first year to control the peak of soil erosion after the plantation in tilled vineyards. To test its efficiency, rainfall simulation experiments were carried out with field surveys in The Casa Pago Gran, in the Eastern Iberian Peninsula. Our results demonstrate that soil properties (organic matter and soil bulk density) and soil erosion (soil loss, runoff and sediment concentration) were significantly different between the control plot (tilled) and with cover crops along with August 2016, 2017 and 2018 measurement periods, but not during January 2016, coinciding with the initial survey before the vetch sown. Runoff initiation was delayed in 3.7 times after 3 years (from 190 till 709 s). The runoff discharge was reduced by the Vicia sativa from 32.87 till 13.68%, the sediment concentration went down from 18.54 till 3.81 gr l−1 and the soil erosion from 3.36 to 0.29 Mg ha−1 year−1. An increase in soil bulk density was registered but did not affect the runoff generation either the soil losses, that was reduced by the plant cover. We conclude that it is necessary to include soil erosion control measures such as the use of Vicia sativa to reduce soil erosion processes during the first stages of the vineyard plantations due to the soil quality improvements and the reduction in soil and water losses.