TY  - JOUR
A1  - Vahid Dastjerdi, Samaneh
A1  - Karadimitriou, Nikolaos
A1  - Hassanizadeh, S. Majid
A1  - Steeb, Holger
T1  - Experimental Evaluation of Fluid Connectivity in Two‐Phase Flow in Porous Media During Drainage
Y1  - 2022-11-04
VL  - 58
IS  - 11
JF  - Water Resources Research
DO  - 10.1029/2022WR033451
PB  - 
N2  - This study aims to experimentally investigate the possibility of combining two extended continuum theories for two‐phase flow. One of these theories considers interfacial area as a separate state variable, and the other explicitly discriminates between connected and disconnected phases. This combination enhances our potential to effectively model the apparent hysteresis, which generally dominates two‐phase flow. Using optical microscopy, we perform microfluidic experiments in quasi‐2D artificial porous media for various cyclic displacement processes and boundary conditions. Specifically for a number of sequential drainage processes, with detailed image (post‐)processing, pore‐scale parameters such as the interfacial area between the phases (wetting, non‐wetting, and solid), and local capillary pressure, as well as macroscopic parameters like saturation, are estimated. We show that discriminating between connected and disconnected clusters and the concept of the interfacial area as a separate state variable can be an appropriate way of modeling hysteresis in a two‐phase flow scheme. The drainage datasets of capillary pressure, saturation, and specific interfacial area, are plotted as a surface, given by f (P<sup>c</sup>, s<sup>w</sup>, a<sup>wn</sup>) = 0. These surfaces accommodate all data points within a reasonable experimental error, irrespective of the boundary conditions, as long as the corresponding liquid is connected to its inlet. However, this concept also shows signs of reduced efficiency as a modeling approach in datasets gathered through combining experiments with higher volumetric fluxes. We attribute this observation to the effect of the porous medium geometry on the phase distribution. This yields further elaboration, in which this speculation is thoroughly studied and analyzed.
N2  - Key Points: A large number of two‐phase displacement microfluidic experiments under different boundary conditions are performed. A code has been developed in order to spatially and temporally resolve the experiments with high accuracy. Including both connectivity and interfacial area as state variables in two‐phase flow continuum theories improves modeling hysteresis.
UR  - http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/11647
ER  -