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Impact-Induced Porosity and Microfracturing at the Chicxulub Impact Structure

Rae, Auriol S. P.ORCIDiD
Collins, Gareth S.ORCIDiD
Morgan, Joanna V.ORCIDiD
Salge, Tobias
Christeson, Gail L.ORCIDiD
Leung, Jody
Lofi, JohannaORCIDiD
Gulick, Sean P. S.ORCIDiD
Poelchau, MichaelORCIDiD
Riller, UlrichORCIDiD
Gebhardt, Catalina
Grieve, Richard A. F.ORCIDiD
Osinski, Gordon R.ORCIDiD
IODP- and ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JE005929
Persistent URL: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/9139
Rae, Auriol S. P.; Collins, Gareth S.; Morgan, Joanna V.; Salge, Tobias; Christeson, Gail L.; Leung, Jody; Lofi, Johanna; Gulick, Sean P. S.; Poelchau, Michael; Riller, Ulrich; Gebhardt, Catalina; Grieve, Richard A. F.; Osinski, Gordon R.; IODP- and ICDP Expedition 364 Scientists, 2019: Impact-Induced Porosity and Microfracturing at the Chicxulub Impact Structure. In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, Band 124, 7: 1960 - 1978, DOI: 10.1029/2019JE005929.
 
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  • Abstract
Porosity and its distribution in impact craters has an important effect on the petrophysical properties of impactites: seismic wave speeds and reflectivity, rock permeability, strength, and density. These properties are important for the identification of potential craters and the understanding of the process and consequences of cratering. The Chicxulub impact structure, recently drilled by the joint International Ocean Discovery Program and International Continental scientific Drilling Program Expedition 364, provides a unique opportunity to compare direct observations of impactites with geophysical observations and models. Here, we combine small-scale petrographic and petrophysical measurements with larger-scale geophysical measurements and numerical simulations of the Chicxulub impact structure. Our aim is to assess the cause of unusually high porosities within the Chicxulub peak ring and the capability of numerical impact simulations to predict the gravity signature and the distribution and texture of porosity within craters. We show that high porosities within the Chicxulub peak ring are primarily caused by shock-induced microfracturing. These fractures have preferred orientations, which can be predicted by considering the orientations of principal stresses during shock, and subsequent deformation during peak ring formation. Our results demonstrate that numerical impact simulations, implementing the Dynamic Collapse Model of peak ring formation, can accurately predict the distribution and orientation of impact-induced microfractures in large craters, which plays an important role in the geophysical signature of impact structures.
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  • Geologie [737]
Subjects:
cratering
porosity
Chicxulub
fractures
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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