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Hydrological modelling for assessing spatio‐temporal groundwater recharge variations in the water‐stressed Amathole Water Supply System, Eastern Cape, South Africa

Nolte, AnnikaORCIDiD
Eley, Malte
Schöniger, Matthias
Gwapedza, David
Tanner, Jane
Mantel, Sukhmani Kaur
Scheihing, Konstantin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14264
Persistent URL: http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gldocs-11858/9525
Nolte, Annika; Eley, Malte; Schöniger, Matthias; Gwapedza, David; Tanner, Jane; Mantel, Sukhmani Kaur; Scheihing, Konstantin, 2021: Hydrological modelling for assessing spatio‐temporal groundwater recharge variations in the water‐stressed Amathole Water Supply System, Eastern Cape, South Africa. In: Hydrological Processes, Band 35, 6, DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14264.
 
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  • Abstract
Abstract To increase the resilience of regional water supply systems in South Africa in the face of anticipated climatic changes and a constant increase in water demand, water supply sources require diversification. Many water‐stressed metropolitan regions in South Africa depend largely on surface water to cover their water demand. While climatic and river discharge data is widely available in these regions, information on groundwater resources – which could support supply source diversification – is scarce. Groundwater recharge is a key parameter that is used to estimate groundwater amounts that can be sustainably exploited at a sub‐watershed level. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a reliable hydrological modelling routine that enables the assessment of regional spatio‐temporal variations of groundwater recharge to discern the most promising areas for groundwater development. Accordingly, we present a semi‐distributed hydrological modelling approach that incorporates water balance routines coupled with baseflow modelling techniques to yield spatio‐temporal variations of groundwater recharge on a regional level. The approach is demonstrated for the actively managed catchment areas of the Amathole Water Supply System situated in a semi‐arid part of the Eastern Cape of South Africa. In the investigated study area, annual groundwater recharge exhibits a high spatio‐temporal heterogeneity and is estimated to vary between ~0.5% and 8% of annual rainfall. Despite some uncertainties induced by limited data availability, calibration and validation of the model were found to be satisfactory and yielded model results similar to (point) data of annual groundwater recharge reported in earlier studies. Our approach is therefore found to derive crucial information for efficiently targeting more detailed groundwater exploration studies and could work as a blueprint for orientating groundwater potential exploration in similar environments.
 
Exemplified for the system of barrages of the Amathole Water Supply System situated in a semi‐arid part of the Eastern Cape of South Africa, we present a semi‐distributed hydrological modelling approach for assessing spatio‐temporal variations of groundwater recharge on a regional sale. In the investigated study area, annual groundwater recharge exhibits a high spatio‐temporal heterogeneity and is estimated to vary between ~0.5% and 8% of annual rainfall. image
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  • Geographie, Hydrologie [358]
Subjects:
Eastern Cape
groundwater
groundwater recharge
hydrological modelling
semi‐distributed model
South Africa
water‐stress
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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